Companion Planting

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Companion planting means arranging the plants in a garden in such a way that they enhance the growth and quality of nearby crops, provide maximum ground cover, and, if possible, improve the soil.

Companion plants are also a way of controlling insect populations. Fragrant flowers and herbs drive away pest insects. For example, an annual with a strongly fragranced leaf and blossom that many insects find unattractive is the marigold. Not only does its strong odour confuse pests looking for their favourite plants, but their roots give off a substance which repels nematodes. Planting a couple of rows of marigolds around the edge of your garden will add both beauty and a measure of protection for your vegetables.

Antagonist plants as their name implies have negative effects when planted together, and should therefore be grown apart from each other.

Plants may be good Companions because:

• They like the same soil and weather conditions

• One helps the other by loosening the soil for its roots

• One gives welcome shade and protection to its companion

• One attracts an insect that is beneficial to the other

• One deters a pest that habitually attacks the other for instance sage, rosemary, thyme

repel the cabbage butterfly; onions and leeks repel the carrot fly.

• One may leave a residue in the soil that benefits its companion.

• Plants with strong odours do confuse, deter, and often stop some pests.

• Some plants hide other certain plants we don’t want detected.

• Some plants (especially herbs) are considered nursery plants for beneficial insects,

providing shelter, nectar, pollen, and even dark, cool moist spots.

Listings of companions and antagonists are given. To interpret the lists:

• CABBAGE FAMILY: includes Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cauliflower, Kohlrabi

• MARROW FAMILY: includes Courgette, Cucumber, Pumpkin, Squash

• ONION FAMILY: includes Chives, Garlic, Leek

—-000—-

Attribution: the lists given here are based on those produced by Jean Howgill at the Rowley Fields

Allotment Society in Leicester , website <http://beehive.thisisessex.co.uk/?WCI=SiteHome&ID=1891>

Plant	Can be planted with	To Repel These	But do not plant with
Basil	Tomatoes	Mosquitoes, Flies, Hornworms
Beans	Beets, Cucumbers, Corn, Radishes, Rosemary		Onions, Garlic
Beets	Bush Beans, Cabbage, Lettuce
Borage	Tomatoes, Squash, Strawberries	Tomato Worm
Broccoli	Herbs, Onions
Cabbage	Dill, Mint, Onions, Rosemary, Sage, Thyme
Caraway	Plant throughout the garden to loosen the soil.		Dill
Carrots	Peas, Cabbage, Leaf Lettuce, Radishes, Tomatoes, Chives
Catnip	Aubergine	Flea Beetle, Ants
Chamomile (keep thinned)	Cabbage, Onion
Chervil	Radish
Chives	Carrots, Roses	Aphids, Mites, Nematodes
Coriander		Aphids
Corn	Beans, Cucumbers, Melons, Peas, Potatoes, Squash		Tomatoes
Cucumbers	Cabbage, Corn, Lettuce, Marigolds, Onions, Radishes
Dill	Cabbage, Lettuce, Corn, Cucumber	Aphids, Mites
Feverfew	Roses	attracts aphids away from roses
Flax	Carrots, Potatoes	Potato Bug
Garlic	Roses, Raspberries	Japanese Beetles, Aphids, Mosquito Larvae, Caterpillars, Borers, Mites
Horseradish	Potatoes	Potato Bug
Hyssop	Cabbage, Grapes	Cabbage Moth	Radishes
Lavender		Moths -- combine with southernwood, wormwood and rosemary in an anti-moth sachet
Lettuce	Beets, Cabbage, Carrots, Onions, Radishes
Marigold	Most Plants, especially Tomatoes	Nematodes, Whiteflies, Mexican Bean Beetles, Tomato Hornworms
Mint	Cabbage, Tomatoes	Cabbage Moths, Aphids, Ants, Flea Beetles
Nasturtiums	Cabbage, Radishes, Tomatoes, Cucumbers	Aphids, Pumpkin Beetles, Squash Beetles, Cabbage Moths, Potato Beetles, Whiteflies
Onions	Beets, Cabbage, Lettuce, Tomatoes	Borers, Mites, Slugs, Cutworms	Beans, Peas
Peas	Beans, Carrots, Corn, Cucumbers, Radishes, Turnips		Onions, Garlic
Pennyroyal	Roses	Flies, Mosquitoes, Fleas, others
Peppers	Basil, Marjoram, Oregano, Carrots, Tomatoes
Petunia	Beans	Aphids, Leafhoppers, Mexican Bean Beetles
Radishes	Peas, Leaf Lettuce	Cucumber Beetles
Rosemary	Beans, Cabbage, Carrots, Sage	Carrot Flies, Cabbage Moths, Mexican Bean Beetles
Rue	Roses and Raspberries	Japanese Beetles	Sweet Basil
Sage	Cabbage, Carrots, Cucumbers, Tomatoes, Rosemary	Cabbage Moths, Flea Beetles, Slugs
Spinach	Cabbage
Squash	Corn, Cucumbers
Summer Savory	Beans	Bean Beetles
Tansy	Fruit Trees, Roses, Raspberries	Flying Insects, Japanese Beetles, Striped Cucumber Beetles, Squash Bugs, Ants, Flies
Tomatoes	Basil, Sage, Marigolds, Nasturtiums, Asparagus
Thyme	Cabbage	Cabbage Worms
Wormwood		Plant as a border to keep animals out of the garden.


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